Do you sometimes see pink on your toothbrush or in the sink after brushing? That is a common sign of inflamed gums. When it is dealt with in time, the damage can usually be reversed. Left untreated, it can develop into periodontitis.
What is gingivitis?
Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gums only. The cause is almost always plaque: a soft, sticky layer of bacteria that forms daily on the teeth and along the gum line. If plaque is not removed properly, the gums react with inflammation. The good news is that in most cases gingivitis is reversible with good oral care and a professional cleaning.
What is periodontitis and how is it different?
With periodontitis the inflammation has spread deeper. The tissue and bone that hold the teeth in place can gradually be affected. The gums may recede, pockets can form between tooth and gum, and over time teeth may become loose. Lost bone does not grow back by itself, which is why early recognition matters. Periodontitis often progresses slowly and painlessly, so people can go a long time without noticing it.
Which signs point to gum problems?
- Gums that bleed when brushing or flossing
- Red, swollen or tender gums
- Persistent bad breath or an unpleasant taste in the mouth
- Gums that recede so teeth look longer
- Teeth that become loose or shift position
- Pus or a painful spot along the gum line
What are the causes and risk factors?
Plaque that is not removed well enough is the main cause. Plaque can harden into tartar, which you can no longer brush away yourself. Other risk factors include smoking, diabetes, stress, certain medications, hormonal changes (for example during pregnancy) and family history. If one or more of these apply to you, talk to your dentist or dental hygienist so check-ups can be tailored accordingly.
How are gingivitis and periodontitis treated?
Treatment depends on the situation. For gingivitis a professional teeth cleaning is often enough, together with advice on brushing and cleaning between the teeth. For periodontitis, plaque and tartar are also removed below the gum line, usually over several sessions and sometimes under local anaesthetic. Regular check-ups follow to see whether the gums remain stable. Which approach is suitable can only be judged after an examination.
- 01
Examination Diagnosis
The dentist or hygienist looks at your gums and measures the depth of the gum pockets. X-rays are sometimes taken.
- 02
Cleaning Treatment
Plaque and tartar are carefully removed, if needed also below the gum line.
- 03
Home care Guidance
You receive personal advice on brushing technique and tools for cleaning between the teeth.
- 04
Follow-up Aftercare
Regular check-ups keep an eye on the situation and help prevent the inflammation from returning.
Practical tip: brush twice a day with a soft brush and clean between your teeth daily. A small change in your routine can make a big difference for your gums.
When is it wise to visit the dentist?
Make an appointment if your gums bleed regularly, are swollen or receding, or if you have bad breath despite good brushing. Do not wait either if teeth feel loose or chewing is painful. If bleeding gums do not improve after a few days of careful brushing, have them assessed. The sooner inflammation is treated, the better the chance that your gums recover.
Frequently Asked Questions
IMPORTANT NOTE
This content is for informational purposes only; it does not substitute personal medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Your personalized treatment plan will be determined after a clinical examination by Mondzorg HS dentists.